Case study Analysis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Analysis - Case Study Example This lays emphasis on the individual importance and conception development of immanent truth. Some of the major theories he developed was his recurrent theme of the subjectivity importance’s which mainly concerned of how individuals related to the truth. The summary of Soren’s works entails different concepts such as the notion of despair, repetition, dread, rotation and the aspect of faith. Since ethical principles are general guidelines that can apply to decision making in nursing practice, it contradicts the Soren Kierkegaard theory since it is not generally practical to make reference to the whole ethical theories for making a decision. Usually making critical decisions based on a firm and sound ground of ethics is an important aspect of practising nursing in all the settings and specialities. Taking into consideration the significances that ethical practice contributes to the safety of a patient and quality of care, American Nurses Association (ANA) has Codes of ethics that govern them in their work which are also supported by Soren’s theory (Hope, 2004). Some of the sections that are supported by his theories are the nonmaleficence where the dentist have the duty and responsibility of protecting the patient and restraining in any activity that might harm the patient and, therefore, the dentist have the obligation of updating their skills to the

Stroke Case Study | Pathophysiology and Care Delivery Plan

Stroke Case Study | Pathophysiology and Care Delivery Plan This paper will discuss the case study relating to the patient, Mrs Amelia Middleton, and answer a series of questions relating to the pathophysiology of stroke, nursing care of the patient, and response to pharmacological issues with her treatment Question 1 Farrell Dempsey (2014b) define the pathophysiological characteristics of an ischaemic stroke as being the disruption to cerebral blood supply due to an obstruction in a blood vessel (p. 1649). This disruption can be described as an ischaemic cascade, which commences with a fall in cerebral blood flow to less than 25mL/100g/min (p. 1649). When this occurs, neurons are unable to maintain aerobic respiration, causing a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. To combat this, mitochondria switch to anaerobic respiration, which produces large amounts of lactic acid, causes changes in cellular pH levels, anaerobic respiration is less efficient, and neurons are not capable of producing sufficient ATP to fuel the depolarisation processes (Farrell Dempsey, 2014b, p. 1649; Craft, Gordon, Tiziani, 2011). With the loss of ATP production, the active transport across the cell membrane ceases, leading to the destruction of the cell membrane, releasing more calcium and glutamate, vaso constriction and generation of free radicals. As the cascade continues, intracellular pressures increase, causing oedema (Craft, et al., 2011, p. 192). This oedema reaches it maximum after about 72 hour, and slowly subsides over the following two weeks. There are four types of haemorrhagic stroke, namely intracerebral, intracranial cerebral aneurysm, arteriovenous malformations, and subarachnoid haemorrhage, all with varying pathophysiology (Farrell Dempsey, 2014b, p. 1661). The most common type is the intracerebral haemorrhage, which is mostly found in patients with hypertension and cerebral atheroschlerosis. Certain types of arterial pathology, brain tumour, and the use of medications may also cause intracerebral haemorrhage (Farrell Dempsey, 2014b). Bleeding related to the condition is most commonly arterial and normally occurs in the putamen and adjacent internal capsule, cerebral lobes, basal ganglia, thalamus, cerebellum and brain stem (Farrell Dempsey, 2014b). Intracranial aneurism is dilation of the walls of a cerebral artery developing because of weakness in the arterial wall (Farrell Dempsey, 2014b). Presumed causes of aneurysms are weakness in arterial walls, congenital abnormalities, hypertensive vascular disease, head trauma, infection, or advancing age. Aneurysms can occur in any area of the brain but commonly occur at the circle of Willis arteries. Arteries affected by aneurysms are the internal carotid artery, anterior cerebral artery, anterior communicating artery, posterior communicating artery, posterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery (Farrell Dempsey, 2014b). Arteriovenous malformations are caused by abnormalities in embryonic development or are the result of trauma. It is the formation of a mass of arteries and veins without a capillary bed, whose absence, leads to dilation of arteries and veins with eventual rupture. This type of haemorrhage is common in younger people (Farrell Dempsey, 2014b). Subarachnoid haemorrhage may occur because of arteriovenous malformation, intracranial aneurysm, trauma or hypertension. Most common causes are leaking aneurysms in the area of the circle of Willis or a congenital arteriovenous malformation of the brain (Farrell Dempsey, 2014b). Both ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke have modifiable and non-modifiable precipitating factors. Modifiable factors are those that can be changed and include: (Al-Asadi Habib, 2014; Jarvis, 2012) Non-modifiable factors are those that cannot be changed or altered, and in concert with modifiable risk factors, can indicate populations at higher risk. The factors are: (Al-Asadi Habib, 2014; Jarvis, 2012) Question 2 The nursing care required for the patient within the first 24 hours would initially include a neurological assessment, especially if thrombolytic therapy has been administered (Hinkle McKenna Guanci, 2007). Nurses need to use the Glasgow coma scale (GCS), check vital signs pupil reaction and limb assessment. If the GCS falls during or after treatment, patients need to have an urgent CT scan to exclude haemorrhagic stroke. These observations need to be recorded every 15 minutes for the first 2 hours after thrombolytic therapy, then every hour for the next 24 to 48 hours (Hinkle McKenna Guanci, 2007). Oxygen therapy will only need to be administered if the patient becomes hypoxic, which occurs if the oxygen saturation (SaO2) levels fall below 95% saturation. Blood sugar levels need to be monitored, as it is common for post stroke patients to become hyperglycaemic. Patients also need to be in an electric bed with the cot sides up and the head at a 30-degree angle, which reduces the ri sks of choking and falls (Catangui Slark, 2012). Suction should be available at the bedside in case of angioedma. Electrocardiograms need to be performed regularly to detect any abnormal changes in heart rhythm. The patient is already in atrial fibrillation but this may alter if thrombolytic therapy is administered, as such, this requires assessment on an hourly basis. The nurse should also take the time to provide information to family members regarding the patient’s treatment (Felicilda-Reynaldo, 2013). The patient and family need to be informed why thrombolytic therapy is needed, what the desired outcomes are and if there are any adverse effects. When this treatment is needed, it is often in an emergency and can be frightening for family members to see their loved one in pain or distress (Felicilda-Reynaldo, 2013). Question 3 Thrombolysis is the division of a blood clot or thrombus by the infusion of a fibrinolytic agent (drugs that are capable of breaking down fibrin, the main constituent of blood clots) into the blood (Tiziani, 2013). Thrombolytic agents act by activating plasminogen to form a proteolytic enzyme, plasmin, which attaches to fibrin, and consequently, breaks down the clot (Tiziani, 2013; Catangui Slark, 2012); this process is called clot resolution. Thrombolytic agents vary in there action, for example, Alteplase and Reteplase, are recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) drugs that have fibrin specific actions, adhering to fibrin bound plasminogen, Tenecteplase, a genetically engineered tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) shares similar traits (Tiziani, 2013; Catangui Slark, 2012). In contrast, Streptokinase is a non-specific plasminogen activator, which attaches itself to both fibrin bound plasminogen and unbound plasminogen (Tiziani, 2013). The use of thrombolytic agents on stroke patients is time-critical. Catangui Slark (2012), supported by Hinkle McKenna Guanci (2007) and Farrell Dempsey (2014b), describe a set of contraindications for the use of thrombolysis in stroke patients, these include age, blood pressure greater that 185mmHg/110mmHg, GCS score less than 8, time from onset of symptoms less than 4Â ½ hours, or previous stroke or myocardial infarction. This is not an exhaustive list, but is relevant to the case study patient. From these indicators it can be shown that the patient falls into a category that contraindicates the use of thrombolysis in the treatment of her condition, i.e. her blood pressure is 200mm/Hg/110mm/Hg, and that it has been at least 6 hours since onset of conditions. Question 4 Aspirin is both a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) and anti-platelet drug (Tiziani, 2013, p. 4 511). In its NSAID function, the drug acts to inhibit prostaglandin production, which is a mediator of inflammatory response and thermoregulation (McKenna Lim, 2012). The anti-platelet properties of the drug inhibit the production of thromboxane A2, which is a vasoconstrictor that normally increases platelet aggregation (McKenna Lim, 2012). Contraindications for this drug are for people with allergies to Salicylates, haemorrhage, and gastrointestinal bleeding (Tiziani, 2013; McKenna Lim, 2012). Administration is by oral pathway. In the context of this case study, because the patient is not eligible for thrombolysis, aspirin would be beneficial in lowering the risk of further stroke by reducing the chance of further thrombosis forming through its anti-platelet properties. The risks in this context are exacerbation of her hypertension and possible bleeding; however, in this circums tance the prescription of aspirin is appropriate. Carvedilol is a lipophilic vasodilating non-cardioselective ÃŽ ²-blocker (Leonetti Egan, 2012). This drug is used to treat hypertension by blocking norepinephrine binding to ÃŽ ±1-adrenergic receptors in addition to both ÃŽ ²1-adrenergic and ÃŽ ²2-adrenergic receptors (Leonetti Egan, 2012). Contraindications for this drug include bradycardia, heart block, diabetes, and bronchospasms (McKenna Lim, 2012). Administration is by oral pathway. In the context of the case study, the administration of carvedilol is desirable because of her hypertension. It is further suggested that carvedilol contributes to a reduction in cardiac arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation (Watson Lip, 2006). The risk associated with this drug include hepatic failure, oedema, and deterioration if the patient is in heart failure (McKenna Lim, 2012; Tiziani, 2013) Atorvostatin is a hydroxymethylglutaryl co-enzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor used to treat hypercholesterolaemia or hyperlipidaemia (McKenna Lim, 2012). The drug acts to inhibit production of cholesterol by blocking HMG-CoA reductase from completing the synthesis of cholesterol (Tiziani, 2013). Administration is by oral pathway. In the context of this case study, Atorvostatin is not indicated for administration without further investigation into potential underlying causes, such as, heart disease or hypercholesterolaemia. Question 5 In the context of this case study, atrial fibrillation could indicate heart disease, but further investigation would be necessary to determine this. Factors such as age, hypertension, ischaemic stroke, family history of myocardial infarction, and erratic pulse are evident and are all indicators towards heart disease (Bordignon, Corti Bilato, 2012). McKenna Lim (2012, p. 676) also associate coronary artery disease, myocardial inflammation, valvular disease, cardiomegaly, and rheumatic heart disease with atrial fibrillation. Pharmacologically, the drugs considered for intervention include heparin, warfarin, and carvedilol (Watson Lip, 2006). Both Heparin and Warfarin are anticoagulant drugs. Heparin is a fast acting, intra-venous or subcutaneously administered anticoagulant used in the acute setting, with changeover to orally administered warfarin, whose anticoagulant effect is evident after 36-72 hour, for longer-term use (Tiziani, 2013; McKenna Lim, 2012). In context of the case study, aspirin use would be discontinued if heparin and warfarin were administered, as these drugs are recorded as having an adverse reaction (Tiziani, 2013; McKenna Lim, 2012). These drug types have contraindications for active and potential bleeding, so issues such as haemorrhoid bleeding may exclude these drugs from administration (Tiziani, 2013). As previously stated, Carvedilol is a nonselective ÃŽ ²-blocker (Leonetti Egan, 2012). This drug is administered orally and are safe in combination with heparin or warfarin (Tiziani, 2013). Contraindications for this drug include bradycardia, heart block, diabetes, and bronchospasms (McKenna Lim, 2012). This drug had both antihypertensive properties and has been shown to reduce cardiac arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation (Watson Lip, 2006). The risk associated with this drug include hepatic failure, oedema, and deterioration if the patient is in heart failure (McKenna Lim, 2012; Tiziani, 2013). Conclusion This paper has discuss and identified the pathophysiology of stroke, discussed the nursing care of the stroke patient, and identified and discussed pharmacological interventions available to treat the patient. Page 1 of 6 20/09/2016 2:53:40 PM

Heart Of Darkness Response Assignment :: essays research papers

â€Å"They were dying slowly-it was clear. They were not enemies, they were not criminals, they were nothing earthly now, nothing but black shadows of disease and starvation, lying confused in the greenish gloom†. (page 14 para. 3, line 1). The quote is coming from Marlow, upon arriving at the outer station, and first witnessing the devastation the Belgians have caused the native peoples. He is speaking about the black men, who have been enslaved, dying all around him. He can see the work they are being made to do, and finds it a great horror, similar, perhaps, to what hell must be like. This quote also shows Marlow’s first recognition to an epiphany, he will later realize, as imperialism. He says clearly, these men can not be viewed as criminals, for the only function they seemed to be carrying out was dying, and die they did, in great numbers, and at the hands of the â€Å"enlightened† Europeans. I believe his conscience was getting the better of him, first seeing the death, disease, starvation, and chaos all around, allusions of a modern day genocide, which righteous people can not stand to watch, but are helpless to do anything about it. Descriptions of Africans dying, or more precisely, being killed, are common stories surrounding imperialism. Heart of Darkness, finely details the worst kind of African imperialism, the Belgian kind. Millions of people, in what today is called the Congo, were forcefully enslaved, and then made to gather ivory tusks, and rubber plants, all the time being treated as animals, for the sole purpose of lining the pockets of the Belgian monarchy. These scenes shock the more caring, and kind hearted reader, in today’s world, and leave questions swirling in the mind about how atrocities, similar to the ones described in Heart of Darkness, could have been carried out, by a supposed more enlightened society. Surprisingly enough, European imperialists do not hold the sole rights to death and destruction. In fact, simply by reading a history book of the last 2000 years, the reader may come to the conclusion that imperialism was a natural part of empire expansion. Just look at the Egyptians , the Assyrians, the Greeks, the Romans, the Huns, the Moslems, the Christians, and finally the British. What did they all have in common, first they all conquered territory, and usually to do this they needed to kill indigenous people, so that they could use newly conquered land, for their needs.

Expository Essay on Early Childhood Education Essay

This essay is on Early Childhood Education. Early Childhood Education is a very important program for children. Without a substantial preschool program children are set up to fail. For those of you who are looking for a way to give your child or children a competitive edge Early Childhood Education is the way to go. Children that go through an Early Childhood Education program will not have to worry about the effects the program has on their future collegiate experience. The lack of preschool experience can lead to â€Å"poor school adjustment outcomes such as school failure, unemployment, and poverty†. â€Å"Studies of a wide variety of programs such as Head Start, Even Start, Flow Through, Learning to Learn and other model programs have shown that one or two years of preschool can improve children’s school readiness, early scholastic achievement, and school competence such as lower grade retention and special education placement. † †Research supports the effects of preschool programs on long term outcomes such as reduced school dropout rates† (Berrueta – Clement, Schweinhart, Barnett, Epstein, & Weikart, 1984; Reynolds 1994; Schweinhart, Barnes, & Weikart 1993) . With such research and evidence I strongly believe Early Childhood Education is the most important way a parent or guardian can kick start a child’s education. Not only does Early Childhood Education affect academics it also affects the economy. â€Å"The conventional view of economic development typically includes company headquarters, office towers, entertainment centers, and professional sports stadiums and arenas. (Art Rolnick Senior Vice President and Director of Research; Rob Grunewald, Regional Economic Analyst Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, 2003)† In laymen’s terms this means that we typically see economic development as anything ranging from company headquarters to professional sports stadiums and arenas. â€Å"Any proposed economic development list should have early childhood development at the top. The return on investment from early childhood development is extraordinary. It results in better working public schools, more educated workers and less crime. † â€Å"High quality early childhood education is essential to a child’s preparation for school. What is more, quality early education is inextricably tied to the workforce—the training, preparation and working conditions of those who provide care. Public policy decisions that prioritize resource availability for developing, implementing and monitoring a high quality early childhood care and education system are almost invariably affected by budgetary and regulatory constraints. † In other words the budget and regulatory constraints decide the priority of early childhood care and education. In my opinion this is how early childhood education affects the economy. Not only does early childhood education have impact on academics and the economy it also has impact on children’s socialization. â€Å"Preschool experiences are designed to provide cognitive and social enrichment during early childhood development. † â€Å"As the pressures on preschools to prepare children for school mount, there is growing recognition that this involves both exposure to pre-academic Social-Emotional Effects of Tulsa Pre-K 2105 learning and support for the range of capacities that enable children to engage in learning, attend to instruction, interact effectively with teachers and peers, and manage themselves with growing independence in the classroom (Raver & Knitzer, 2002). † So this is how I believe early childhood education has an impact on children’s socialization. Going through all of the research on this subject reinforced to me how important early childhood education really is. Early Childhood Education is a very important program for children. Without a substantial preschool program children are set up to fail. Just to refresh your memory the main points in this essay were that early childhood education affects academics, the economy, and children’s socialization. References Fred C. Lunenburg. Center for Research and Doctoral Studies in Educational Leadership Sam Houston State University Gormley Jr. , W. T. , Phillips, D. A. , Newmark, K. , Welti, K. , & Adelstein, S. (2011). Social-Emotional Effects of Early Childhood Education Programs in Tulsa. Child Development, 82(6), 2095-2109. doi:10. 1111/j. 1467-8624. 2011. 01648. x Art Rolnick Senior Vice President and Director of Research Rob Grunewald Regional Economic Analyst Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis (Raver & Knitzer, 2002). † (Berrueta – Clement, Schweinhart, Barnett, Epstein, & Weikart, 1984; Reynolds 1994; Schweinhart, Barnes, & Weikart 1993).

Fables

Common type of story is the fable, which presents a moral, or lesson about human behavior. Fables usually feature animals behaving and speaking as humans. Among the most widely known are those from the ancient Sanskrit Pancatantra (Five Chapters), which was first written down in India perhaps 2,000 years ago. Known in Europe as The Fables of Bidpai, this collection presents animal characters in entertaining stories and poetry. Many European animal fables have at least in part descended from the Pancatantra. Among the most renowned Western fables are those attributed to Aesop, a (probably fictitious) slave from ancient Greece.One of the best-known of Aesop's stories is â€Å"The Ant and the Grasshopper,† which teaches the need to be industrious and save for the future during times of plenty. Stories that point out lessons are called fables. Nearly everyone knows the fable about the three little pigs. They leave home and go out into the world to make their fortunes. Of course, t hey have to build places in which to live. The first little pig makes his house of straw. The second little pig also takes things easily, building his house of sticks. The third little pig works hard and long to make a house of bricks—a good, sturdy house.Along comes a wolf who blows down the houses of straw and sticks and eats the two lazy little pigs. All his huffing and puffing, however, cannot blow down the house of bricks. In this fable the three little pigs show human characteristics. Two little pigs are shiftless and meet an unhappy end through their own fault. The hard-working little pig earns the reward of a good life. History of fables In very early times people told stories in which animals talk. By their actions the animals show how foolish or wise people can be. Folklore scholars think that fables probably originated among the Semitic peoples of the Middle East.The tales spread to India and then west to Greece. Many fables go back to an ancient Sanskrit collectio n from India called ‘Pancatantra' (Five Chapters). These stories were told and retold through many generations. Eventually they reached Greece. The Greeks added detail and action and made Aesop master of all the fables. The Romans translated Aesop's fables into Latin. They were translated into French in the 13th century. The first of many versions of the folktale of â€Å"Reynard the Fox† appeared in about the 12th century. Fables of Aesop’s The greatest teller of fables was Aesop (see Aesop).He was believed to be a slave in ancient Greece. His stories are simple moral lessons illustrated usually by the actions and speech of animals. Some of his best-known fables are â€Å"The Lion and the Mouse,† â€Å"The Fox and the Stork,† â€Å"The Hare and the Tortoise,† â€Å"The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing,† â€Å"The Fox and the Grapes,† â€Å"The Frogs Desiring a King,† and â€Å"The Shepherd Boy and the Wolf. † In Aesop's à ¢â‚¬Å"The Lion and the Mouse† the great, strong lion is tired of hunting. He lies down to sleep under a shady tree. A mouse runs over his face and awakens him.The angry lion is about to crush the tiny mouse with his huge paw, but the mouse begs so hard to live that the lion lets him go. Some time later the lion is caught in a hunter's trap. He roars with surprise and fury. The little mouse recognizes the roar and races to the trap. He gnaws the ropes and sets the lion free. The powerful lion is grateful for the help that his tiny friend gave him. The king of beasts thinks to himself â€Å"Sometimes the weakest can help the strongest. † Aesop's â€Å"The Fox and the Stork† shows that a tricky person does not always win. A fox invites a stork to dinner.The fox serves soup in a shallow dish. The poor stork can wet only the end of his long narrow bill in the soup. The sly fox makes false apologies and laps up all the food. The stork pretends to be satisfied and invit es the fox to dinner. When the fox comes a few days later, he finds the food served in a tall jar with a narrow neck. Down in the jar goes the stork's long bill. All the fox can do is lick his chops. This fable may have suggested the old proverb â€Å"he who laughs last laughs best. † Many proverbs and maxims are expressions of the wisdom found in fables.Some of these sayings and the fables from which they come are listed after the â€Å"History of Fables† section. Fables by La Fontaine Another great teller of fables was Jean de La Fontaine (see La Fontaine). He wrote in France in the 17th century. La Fontaine based many of his fables on those of Aesop. In the writings of both men are â€Å"The Fox and the Crow,† â€Å"The Dove and the Ant,† â€Å"The Fox and the Grapes,† â€Å"The Maid and the Pail of Milk,† and â€Å"The Fox and the Stork. † Some of La Fontaine's titles vary slightly from Aesop's. â€Å"The Fox and the Crow† tells that a fox sees a crow ith a piece of cheese in her beak settle in a tree. The fox wants the cheese. He looks up at the crow and says, â€Å"Good day, Mistress Crow. How well you look today! I feel sure that your voice must surpass that of other birds, just as your figure does. Let me hear you sing but one song so I may greet you as queen of the birds. † The crow begins to caw her best.As soon as she opens her mouth, the piece of cheese falls to the ground and is snapped up by the fox. â€Å"That will do,† he says. â€Å"That was all I wanted. In exchange for your cheese, I'll give you a piece of advice for the future. Do not trust flatterers. Another of La Fontaine's fables is â€Å"The Animals Sick of the Plague. † The lion, who is king of the beasts, asks all the animals to confess their sins. The guiltiest will be sacrificed to save the rest. The lion begins by confessing that he has â€Å"devoured an appalling number of sheep† and â€Å"the s hepherd, too. † Reynard the Fox defends the king. His plea is applauded by the lion's flatterers. Finally a poor donkey is sacrificed after he confesses that he has eaten grass on the monastery grounds. The moral of the tale is: â€Å"Thus do the courts acquit the strong and doom the weak as therefore wrong. †

Abstinence vs Harm Reduction Essays - Alcohol Abuse, Free Essays

Abstinence vs Harm Reduction Essays - Alcohol Abuse, Free Essays ADDC 1101: Introduction to Addiction Abstinence vs Harm Reduction One of the most talked about debates in addiction counseling is between abstinence and harm reduction. In general, Abstinence-focused addiction counseling believes that recovery only exists if the addictive substance is completely removed from the life of the individual it affects. The issue is seen as largely black or white: either you drink/use drugs and deal with the consequences, or you abstain and live a life in recovery. Harm Reduction-focused addiction counseling generally follows the belief that not everyone is in a place to completely abstain; and therefore, it is best to take steps to reduce the risks to the person and others when the individual chooses to partake in the addictive substance. The notion is that some people may not currently be willingly or able to completely give up the substance of their addiction (www.new-hope-recovery.com). For people seeking help, total abstinence is an ideal goal but given their circumstances and motivation for change, that goal may be unreachable when they first seek help. Many abstinence-based facilities are moving away from kicking out a client after one positive urine screen, which was not always the case. Often the treatment team reassesses the situation and decides if the treatment plan is still appropriate and if the client is receiving the proper level of care. Similarly, abstinence-based facilities are also increasingly using or allowing pharmacotherapy as an adjunct to treatment. Many treatment facilities now work with clients who are on Suboxone, Vivitrol, Naltrexone, etc. Allowing these medications is a harm-reduction approach to treatment, but in practice those modalities are becoming more acceptable across the board (www.new-hope-recovery.com) There are many types of harm reduction modalities including: drug replacement therapy such as methadone or needle exchange programs, designated drivers, substituting less harmful drugs, testing illicit drugs for harmful additives and behavior modification to control intake. Because harm reduction philosophy and practice resides in the gray area of the continuum, research on the topic has been muddled, largely due to the lack of a consistent definition as to what harm reduction is and how it should be measured. This makes sense even if you only consider the expansive list provided above as types of harm reduction The general focus of harm reduction is not whether an individual does or does not do a particular behavior, it is about reducing the potential problems associated with it. Substance use under the harm reduction approach is not black/white, either/or; it is the gray area in between. If a person chooses to drink or use drugs, the focus is on ways to reduce the risk from using . An important concept that some people and policy makers do not understand is that the harm reduction approach should not be seen as condoning risky or illegal behavior. Rather, it understands that risky behavior is inevitably going to occur, so it is more beneficial to curb the negative consequences incrementally as best as possible (www.new-hope-recovery.com)

Abortion Essays (141 words) - Abortion In The United States

Abortion Essays (141 words) - Abortion In The United States Abortion My view on the abortion is pro-choice so I will debate the issue from the pro-life point of view. Abortion is in a word: murder. There is no way around it , people that have abortions are committing a crime. If one was killing a person who could defend themselves they would go to jail but the people who have abortions just get continue on with their sinful lives. Pro-choice promoters say that it is an embryo and having an abortion is nothing but when the sperm attaches to the egg , life is born. Pro-life wants nothing more than to see life carry on. Abortion is also an advanced form of birth control., it gives people an out when they get in trouble. People can have unprotected sex without consequences. Abortion is horrible and should be abolished.